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AP ® Statistics Practice Exam From the 2 016 Administration NOTE: This is a modified version of the 2016 AP Statistics Exam. This exam ma y no t be posted on school or persona l websites , no r electronically redistribute d fo r an y reason . Thi s Released Exa m is provided by th e Colleg e Boar d for AP Exam preparation . Teacher s ar e permitted to download th e material s an d mak e copies to use wit h thei r student s in a classroo m settin g onl y. To maintai n th e securit y of this exam , teacher s shoul d collec t all material s afte r thei r administratio n an d keep them in a secure location . Fu rther distribution o f thes e material s outsid e of the secur e Colleg e Board sit e disadvantages teachers wh o rel y on uncirculated questions fo r classroo m testing . An y additional distributio n is in violation of the Colleg e Board ’s copyrigh t policies and ma y resul t in the terminatio n of Practice Exam acces s fo r you r school as well as the removal of access to othe r onlin e service s suc h as the A P T eacher Communit y an d Onlin e Scor e Repo rts.

Contents Exam Instructions Student Answer Sheet for the Multiple -Choice Section Section I: Multiple -Choice Questions Section II: Free -Response Questions Multiple -Choice Answer Key Free- Response Scoring Guidelines Scoring Worksheet Question Descriptors and Performance Data Note: This publication shows the page numbers that appeared in the 201 5−16 AP Exam Instructions book and in th e actual exam. This publication was not repaginated to begin with page 1. © 2016 The College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. All other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners. Permission to use copyrighted College Board materials may be requested online at: www.collegeboard.com/inquiry/cbpermit.html.

Exam Instructions The following contains instructions taken from the 2015−16 AP Exam Instructions book.

268 Students are expected to bring graphing calculators with statistical capabilities to the AP Statistics Exam. Nongraphing scientific calculators are permitted as long as they have the required computational capabilities. Before starting the exam administration, make sure each student has a graphing calculator from the approved list on page 47 of the 2 015 - 1 6 AP Coordinator’s Manual or a scientific calculator. It is up to the student to determine if a nongraphing scientific calculator has the required computational capabilities. If a student does not have a graphing calculator from the approved list or an appropriate scientific calculator, you may provide one from your supply. See pages 44–47 of the AP Coordinator’s Manual for more information. If the student does not want to use the calculator you provide, or does not want to use a calculator at all, he or she must hand copy, date, and sign the release statement on page 45 of the AP Coordinator’s Manual . Students may have no more than two calculators on their desks. Calculators may not be shared. Calculator memories do not need to be cleared before or after the exam. Students with Hewlett- Packard 48–50 Series and Casio FX-9860 graphing calculators may use cards designed for use with these calculators. Proctors should make sure infrared ports (Hewlett-Packard) are not facing each other. Since graphing calculators can be used to store data, including text, proctors should monitor that students are using their calculators appropriately. Attempts by students What Proctors Need to Bring to This Exam • E xam packets • A nswer sheets • A P Student Packs • 2 015 - 1 6 AP Coordinator’s Manual • Th is book — AP Exam Instructions • A P Exam Seating Chart template(s) • S chool Code and Home-School/Self- Study Codes • E xtra graphing calculators • P encil sharpener • C ontainer for students’ electronic devices (if needed) • E xtra No. 2 pencils with erasers • E xtra pens with black or dark blue ink • E xtra paper • Stapler • Wa t c h • S igns for the door to the testing room – “Exam in Progress” – “Cell phones are prohibited in the testing room” AP® Statistics Exam Regularly Scheduled Exam Date: Thursday afternoon, May 12, 2016 Late-Testing Exam Date: Wednesday morning, May 18, 2016 Section I Total Time: 1 hr. 30 min. Section II Total Time: 1 hr. 30 min. Section I Total Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Graphing calculator expected Number of Questions: 40* Percent of Total Score: 50% Writing Instrument: Pencil required *The number of questions may vary slightly depending on the form of the exam. Section II Total Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Graphing calculator expected Number of Questions: 6 Percent of Total Score: 50% Writing Instrument: Either pencil or pen with black or dark blue ink ? 2016 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.col\ legeboard.org.

269 AP Exam Instructions to use the calculator to remove exam questions and/or answers from the room may result in the cancellation of AP Exam scores. SECTION I: Multiple Choice ! Do not begin the exam instructions below until you have completed the appropriate General Instructions for your group. Make sure you begin the exam at the designated time. Remember, you must complete a seating chart for this exam. See pages 305–306 for a seating chart template and instructions. See the 2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual for exam seating requirements (pages 49–52). If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say: It is Thursday afternoon, May 12, and you will be taking the AP Statistics Exam. If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say: It is Wednesday morning, May 18, and you will be taking the AP Statistics Exam. In a moment, you will open the packet that contains your exam materials. By opening this packet, you agree to all of the AP Program’s policies and procedures outlined in the 2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents . You may now remove the shrinkwrap from your exam packet and take out the Section I booklet, but do not open the booklet or the shrinkwrapped Section II materials. Put the white seals aside. . . . Carefully remove the AP Exam label found near the top left of your exam booklet cover. Now place it on page 1 of your answer sheet on the light blue box near the top right-hand corner that reads “AP Exam Label.” If students accidentally place the exam label in the space for the number label or vice versa, advise them to leave the labels in place. They should not try to remove the label; their exam can still be processed correctly. Read the statements on the front cover of Section I and look up when you have finished. . . . Sign your name, and write today’s date. Look up when you have finished. . . . Now print your full legal name where indicated. Are there any questions? . . . Turn to the back cover of your exam booklet and read it completely. Look up when you have finished. . . . Are there any questions? . . . You will now take the multiple-choice portion of the exam. You should have in front of you the multiple-choice booklet and your answer sheet. Open your answer sheet to page 2. You may never discuss these specific multiple-choice questions at any time in any form with anyone, including your teacher and other students. If you disclose these questions through any means, your AP Exam score will be canceled. STAT I ST IC S ? 2016 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.col\ legeboard.org.

270 You must complete the answer sheet using a No. 2 pencil only. Mark all of your responses beginning on page 2 of your answer sheet, one response per question. Completely fill in the circles. If you need to erase, do so carefully and completely. No credit will be given for anything written in the exam booklet. Scratch paper is not allowed, but you may use the margins or any blank space in the exam booklet for scratch work. Calculators may be used for both sections of this exam. You may place your calculators on your desk. Are there any questions? . . . You have 1 hour and 30 minutes for this section. Open your Section I booklet and begin. 126 3 9 Note Start Time here . Note Stop Time here . Check that students are marking their answers in pencil on their answer sheets and that they are not looking at their shrinkwrapped Section II booklets. Proctors should walk around and make sure Hewlett-Packard calculators’ infrared ports are not facing each other and that students are not sharing calculators. After 1 hour and 20 minutes, say: There are 10 minutes remaining. After 10 minutes, say: Stop working. Close your booklet and put your answer sheet on your desk, face up. Make sure you have your AP number label and an AP Exam label on page 1 of your answer sheet. Sit quietly while I collect your answer sheets. Collect an answer sheet from each student. Check that each answer sheet has an AP number label and an AP Exam label. After all answer sheets have been collected, say: Now you must seal your exam booklet using the white seals you set aside earlier. Remove the white seals from the backing and press one on each area of your exam booklet cover marked “PLACE SEAL HERE.” Fold each seal over the back cover. When you have finished, place the booklet on your desk, face up. I will now collect your Section I booklet. . . . Collect a Section I booklet from each student. Check that each student has signed the front cover of the sealed Section I booklet. There is a 10-minute break between Sections I and II. When all Section I materials have been collected and accounted for and you are ready for the break, say: Please listen carefully to these instructions before we take a 10-minute break. All items you placed under your chair at the beginning of this exam must stay there, and you are not permitted to open or access them in any way. Leave your shrinkwrapped Section II packet on your desk during the break. You are not allowed to consult teachers, other students, notes, or textbooks during the break. You may not make phone calls, send text messages, use your calculators, check email, use a social networking site, or access any electronic or communication device. Remember, you may never discuss the multiple- choice questions at any time in any form with anyone, including your teacher and other students. If you disclose these questions through any means, your AP Exam score will be canceled. Are there any questions? . . . 12 6 3 9 You may begin your break. Testing will resume at . Statistics ? 2016 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.col\ legeboard.org.

271 SECTION II: Free Response After the break, say: May I have everyone’s attention? Place your Student Pack on your desk. . . . You may now remove the shrinkwrap from the Section II packet, but do not open the exam booklet until you are told to do so. . . . Read the bulleted statements on the front cover of the exam booklet. Look up when you have finished. . . . Now take an AP number label from your Student Pack and place it on the shaded box. If you don’t have any AP number labels, write your AP number in the box. Look up when you have finished. . . . Read the last statement. . . . Using a pen with black or dark blue ink, print the first, middle, and last initials of your legal name in the boxes and print today’s date where indicated. This constitutes your signature and your agreement to the statements on the front cover. . . . Turn to the back cover and, using your pen, complete Item 1 under “Important Identification Information.” Print the first two letters of your last name and the first letter of your first name in the boxes. Look up when you have finished. . . . In Item 2, print your date of birth in the boxes. . . . In Item 3, write the school code you printed on the front of your Student Pack in the boxes. . . . Read Item 4. . . . Are there any questions? . . . I need to collect the Student Pack from anyone who will be taking another AP Exam. You may keep it only if you are not taking any other AP Exams this year. If you have no other AP Exams to take, place your Student Pack under your chair now. . . . Read the information on the back cover of the exam booklet. Do not open the booklet until you are told to do so. Look up when you have finished. . . . Collect the Student Packs. Then say: Are there any questions? . . . Section II has two parts. You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete all of Section II. You are responsible for pacing yourself and may proceed freely from one part to the next. You must write your answers in the exam booklet using a pen with black or dark blue ink or a No. 2 pencil. If you use a pencil, be sure that your writing is dark enough to be easily read. If you need more paper during the exam, raise your hand. At the top of each extra sheet of paper you use, be sure to write only your AP number and the question number you are working on. Do not write your name. Are there any questions? . . . AP Exam Instructions STAT I ST IC S ? 2016 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.col\ legeboard.org.

272 Statistics You may begin Part A. 126 3 9 Note Start Time here . Note Stop Time here . You should also make sure that Hewlett-Packard calculators’ infrared ports are not facing each other and that students are not sharing calculators. After 1 hour and 5 minutes, say: There are 25 minutes remaining and you may want to move on to Part B, if you have not already started answering that question. After 15 minutes, say: There are 10 minutes remaining. After 10 minutes, say: Stop working and close your exam booklet. Place it on your desk, face up. . . . If any students used extra paper for a question in the free-response section, have those students staple the extra sheet(s) to the first page corresponding to that question in their exam booklets. Complete an Incident Report. A single Incident Report may be completed for multiple students per exam subject per administration (regular or late testing) as long as all of the required information is provided. Include all exam booklets with extra sheets of paper in an Incident Report return envelope (see page 60 of the 2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual for complete details). Then say: Remain in your seat, without talking, while the exam materials are collected. . . . Collect a Section II booklet from each student. Check for the following: • Exam booklet front cover: The student placed an AP number label on the shaded box and printed his or her initials and today’s date. • E xam booklet back cover: The student completed the “Important Identification Information” area. When all exam materials have been collected and accounted for, return to students any electronic devices you may have collected before the start of the exam. If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say: You may not discuss or share these specific free-response questions with anyone unless they are released on the College Board website in about two days. Your AP Exam score results will be available online in July. If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say: None of the questions in this exam may ever be discussed or shared in any way at any time. Your AP Exam score results will be available online in July. If any students completed the AP number card at the beginning of this exam, say: Please remember to take your AP number card with you. You will need the information on this card to view your scores and order AP score reporting services online. ? 2016 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.col\ legeboard.org.

273 Then say: You are now dismissed. All exam materials must be placed in secure storage until they are returned to the AP Program after your school’s last administration. Before storing materials, check the “School Use Only” section on page 1 of the answer sheet and: • Fill in the appropriate section number circle in order to access a separate AP Instructional Planning Report (for regularly scheduled exams only) or subject score roster at the class section or teacher level. See “Post-Exam Activities” in the 2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual . • C heck your list of students who are eligible for fee reductions and fill in the appropriate circle on their registration answer sheets. Be sure to give the completed seating chart to the AP Coordinator. Schools must retain seating charts for at least six months (unless the state or district requires that they be retained for a longer period of time). Schools should not return any seating charts in their exam shipments unless they are required as part of an Incident Report. AP Exam Instructions STAT I ST IC S ? 2016 The College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.col\ legeboard.org.

Student Answer Sheet for the Multiple -Choice Section Use this section to capture student responses. (Note that the following answer sheet is a sample, and may differ from one used in an actual exam. )

Sign your legal name as it will appear on your college applications. Date To maintain the security of the exam and the validity of my AP score, I w\ ill allow no one else to see the multiple-choice questions. I will seal the multiple-choice booklet when asked to do so, and I will not dis\ cuss these questions with anyone at any time after completing the section. I am aware of and agree to the AP Program’s policies and procedures as outlined in the 2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents, including using testing accommodations (e.g., extended time, computer\ , etc.) only if I have been preapproved by College Board Services for Students with Disabilities.COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EVERY EXAM.USE NO. 2 PENCIL ONLY A. SIGNATURE PAGE 1 AP Exam Label (from Section I Booklet) AP Number Label (from Student Pack) Answer Sheet 2 016 B. LEGAL NAME Omit apostrophes, Jr., II. Legal First Name ? First 12 Letters Legal Last Name ? First 15 Letters MI A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A A A A A A A A A A A A A B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C C C C D D D D D D D D D D D D D E E E E E E E E E E E E E F F F F F F F F F F F F F G G G G G G G G G G G G G H H H H H H H H H H H H H I I I I I I I I I I I I I J J J J J J J J J J J J J K K K K K K K K K K K K K L L L L L L L L L L L L L M M M M M M M M M M M M M N N N N N N N N N N N N N O O O O O O O O O O O O O P P P P P P P P P P P P P Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q R R R R R R R R R R R R R S S S S S S S S S S S S S T T T T T T T T T T T T T U U U U U U U U U U U U U V V V V V V V V V V V V V W W W W W W W W W W W W W X X X X X X X X X X X X X Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z – – – – – – – – – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6 12 7 1 8 2 9 3 10 4 11 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 S D. EXAM DATE C. YOUR AP NUMBER Month AM PM F. MULTIPLE-CHOICE BOOKLET SERIAL NUMBER H. AP EXAM I AM TAKING USING THIS ANSWER SHEET Exam Name: Form Code: Form: COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. SCHOOL USE ONLY Fee Reduction Granted Section Number Option 1 Option 2 E. EXAM START TIME 0 0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 G. ONLINE PROVIDER CODE Day O. STUDENT SEARCH SERVICE ® Colleges and scholarship programs may request your information to inform you of educational opportunities and financial aid. Would you like us to supply your information? If you don’t answer and previously chose to participate in this service, we will continue providing your information. Yes No 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 L. SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER (Optional) 108603-00657 • TF216E4757.5 • Printed in U.S.A. Q4068/1- 4 COLLEGE CODE 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 M. COLLEGE TO RECEIVE YOUR AP SCORE REPORT College Name State Country Using the college code listed in the AP Student Pack, indicate the ONE college that you want to receive your AP score report. City SCHOOL CODE 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 School Name State Country J. SCHOOL YOU ATTEND City 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 INTERNATIONAL PHONE I. AREA CODE AND PHONE NUMBER 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month DayYear K. DATE OF BIRTH N. CURRENT GRADE LEVEL Not yet in 9th grade 9th 10th B123456789T 785208 11th 12th No longer in high school

Q. LANGUAGE — Do not complete this section unless instructed to do so. 1 2 34 5 67 8 9 A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I A B C D E F G H I If this answer sheet is for the French Language and Culture, German Language and Culture, Italian Language and Culture, Spanish Language and Culture, or Spanish Literature and Culture Exam, please answer the following questions. Your responses will not affect your score. 1. Have you lived or studied for one month or more in a country where the language of the exam you are now taking is spoken? Yes No DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA P. SURVEY QUESTIONS — Answer the survey questions in the AP Student Pack. Do not put responses to exam questions in this section. PAGE 2 COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EACH EXAM (IF APPLICABLE). Indicate your answers to the exam questions in this section (pages 2 and 3). Mark only one response per question for Questions 1 through 120. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E. Answers written in the multiple-choice booklet will not be scored. A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 5051 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 QUESTIONS 1–75 Yes No 2. Do you regularly speak or hear the language at home? A B C D A B C D You must use a No. 2 pencil and marks must be complete. Do not use a mechanical pencil. It is very important that you fill in the entire circle darkly and completely. If you change your response, erase as completely as possible. Incomplete marks or erasures may affect your score. COMPLETE MARK EXAMPLES OF INCOMPLETE MARKS SELECTED MEDIA EXAMS R W O OTHER EXAMS R W O PT02 TOTAL PT03 Subscore (if applicable) PT04 Subscore (if applicable) ETS USE ONLY Exam Exam 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

/ / / – . . . . . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 / / / – . . . . . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 / / / – . . . . . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 / / / – . . . . . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 / / / – . . . . . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 For Students Taking AP Biology / / / – . . . . . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 121123 122 124125 126 Write your answer in the boxes at the top of the griddable area and fill in the corresponding circles. Mark only one circle in any column. You will receive credit only if the circles are filled in correctly. PAGE 3 DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 10 0 101 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 110111 11 2 11 3 11 4 11 5 11 6 11 7 11 8 11 9 120 Be sure each mark is dark and completely fills the circle. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E. QUESTIONS 76–120 © 2015 The College Board. College Board, AP, Student Search Service and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. QUESTIONS 121–126 A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138139 140 141 142 For Students Taking AP Physics 1 or AP Physics 2 Mark two responses per question. You will receive credit only if both correct responses are selected. QUESTIONS 131–142

COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. 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YOUR MAILING ADDRESS Use the address abbreviations from your AP Student Pack. Fill in only one circle per column. Indicate a space in your address by leaving a blank box; do not grid that column. AK AL AR AZ CA CO CT DC DE FL GA HI IA ID IL IN KS KY LA MA MD MEMI MN MO MS MT NC ND NE NH NJ NM NV NY OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TN TX UT VAVT WA WI WV WY Puerto Rico AA AE AP Other S TAT E S. FOR STUDENTS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES ONLY U. EMAIL ADDRESS If your address does not fit in the spaces provided in Item R, fill in as many circles as you can, then fill in the circle in Item S and print the remainder of your address in the spaces provided. Address City State or Province Country ZIP or Postal Code By providing your email address, you are granting the College Board permission to use your email in accordance with the policies in the 2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents. T. STUDENT IDENTIFIER (Student ID Number) Y. PARENTAL EDUCATION LEVEL W. WHICH LANGUAGE DO YOU KNOW BEST? 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No, not of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin Yes, Cuban Yes, Mexican Yes, Puerto Rican Yes, another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin American Indian or Alaska Native Asian (including Indian subcontinent and Philippines origin) Black or African American (including Africa and Afro-Caribbean origin) Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander White (including Middle Eastern origin) b. What is your race?

Section I: Multiple -Choice Questions This is the multiple-choice section of the 2016 AP exam. It includes cover material and other administrative instructions to help familiarize students with the mechanics of the exam. (Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.) For purposes of test security and/or statistical analysis, some questions have been removed from the version of the exam that was administered in 2016 . Therefore, the timing indicated here may not be appropriate for a practice exam.

AP ® Statistics Exam SECTION I: Multiple Choice 2016 DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. At a Glance Total Time 1 hour, 30 minutes Number of Questions 40 Percent of Total Score 50% Writing Instrument Pencil required Electronic Device Graphing calculator expected Instructions Section I of this exam contains 40 multiple-choice questions. Fill in only the circles for numbers 1 through 40 on your answer sheet. Indicate all of your answers to the multiple- choice questions on the answer sheet. No credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but you may use the booklet for notes or scratch work. After you have decided which of the suggested answers is best, completely fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet. Give only one answer to each question. If you change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased completely. Here is a sample question and answer. Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will know the answers to all of the multiple- choice questions. Your total score on the multiple- choice section is based only on the number of questions answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers or unanswered questions. Form I Form Code 4MBP4-S 90

-2- Formulas begin on page 3. Questions begin on page 6. Tables begin on page 42.

-3- Formulas (I) Descriptive Statistics x i x n  = ( ) 2 1 1 xsxx i n =-  - ()( ) ()( ) 22 12 12 12 1111 p nsn s s nn-+- = -+ - 01 ˆ y bbx =+ ( ) () ( ) 1 2 ii i x xy y b xx   -- = - 01bybx=- 1 1 ii xyx xyy r nss ʈ ʈ  Á˜ Á˜ ˯ ˯ -- = - 1 y x s br s = ( ) () 2 2 1 ˆ 2 ii b iyyn s x x   - - = -

-4- (II) Probability ()()()()PA B PA PB PA B »= + - « () () ()PA B PAB PB« = ()EX xp xii ==  μ ( ) 2 2 Var( ) x ix Xxp i s == - Âμ If X has a bino mial distribution with parameters n and p , then: () (1) n knk PX k p p k ʈ Á˜ ˯ - == - np x = μ (1 ) np p x s =- ˆ p p =μ (1 ) ? p p p n s - = If x is the mean of a random sample of size n from an infinite population with mean μ and standard deviation , then: s x = μμ x n s s =

-5- (III) Inferential Statistics standard deviation of statistic statistic parameter Standardized test statistic: - ()( ) Confidence interval: statistic critical value standard deviation of statistic ∑ ± Single-Sample Statistic Sample Mean Standard Deviation of Statistic n s Sample Proportion (1 ) p p n- Two-Sample Statistic Difference of sample means Standard Deviation of Statistic 22 12 12 nn ss + Special case when 1ss = 2 12 11 nn s + Difference of sample proportions 112 2 12(1 ) (1 ) p pp p nn -- + Special case when 12p p = ()1 p p - 12 11 nn + ( 2 observed expected Chi-square test statistic expected- = Â )

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -6- STATISTICS SECTION I Time — 1 hour and 30 minutes Number of questions — 40 Percent of total score — 50 Directions: Solve each of the following problems, using the av ailable space for scratch work . Decide which is the best of the choices given and fill in the corresponding ci rcle on the answer sheet. No credit will be given for anything written in the test book. Do no t spend too much time on any one problem. 1. The prices, in thousands of dollars, of 304 homes recently sold in a city are summarized in the histogram below. Based on the histogram, which of the following statements must be true? (A) The minimum price is $250,000. (B) The maximum price is $2,500, 000. (C) The median price is not greater than $750,000. (D) The mean price is between $500,000 and $750,000. (E) The upper quartile of the prices is greater than $1,500,000.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -7- 2. As part of a study on the relationship between the us e of tanning booths and the occurrence of skin cancer, researchers reviewed the medical records of 1,436 pe ople. The table below summarizes tanning booth use for people in the study who did and did not have skin cancer. Used a Tanning Booth Did Not Use a Tanning Booth Total Skin cancer 190706896 No skin cancer 75465540 Total 265 265 1,1711,436 Of the people in the study who had skin cancer, what fraction used a tanning booth? (A) 190 265 (B) 190896 (C) 190 1, 436 (D) 265 1, 4 3 6 (E) 896 1, 4 3 6

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -8- 3. A researcher is conducting a study of charitable donati ons by surveying a simple random sample of households in a certain city. The researcher wants to determine whether there is convincing statistical evidence that more than 50 percent of households in the city ga ve a charitable donation in the past year. Let p represent the proportion of all households in the city that gave a charitable donation in the past year. Which of the following are appropriate hypotheses for the researcher? (A) 0H: 0.5 p= and aH: 0. p> 5 (B) 0H: 0.5 p= and aH: 0.5 pπ (C) 0H: 0.5 p= and aH: 0.5 p< (D) 0H: 0.5 p> and aH: 0.5 pπ (E) 0H: 0.5 p> and aH: 0.5 p= 4. A company determines the mean a nd standard deviation of the number of sick days taken by its employees in one year. Which of the following is the best description of the standard deviation? (A) Approximately the mean distance between the number of sick days taken by individual employ ees and the mean number of sick days taken by all employees (B) Approximately the median distance between the numbe r of sick days taken by individual employees and the median number of sick da ys taken by all employees (C) The distance between the greatest number of sick da ys taken by an employee and the mean number of sick days taken by all employees (D) The number of days separating the fewest sick days taken and the most si ck days taken when considering all employees (E) The number of days separating the fewest sick days taken and the most sick days taken when considering the middle 50 percent of the distribution

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -9- 5. In one region of the country, the mean length of stay in hospitals is 5.5 days with standard deviation 2.6 days. Because many patients stay in the hospi tal for considerably more days, the distribution of length of stay is strongly skewed to the right. Consider random samples of size 100 taken from the distribution with the mean length of stay, x, recorded for each sample. Which of the follo wing is the best description of the sampling distribution of x? (A) Strongly skewed to the right with mean 5.5 days and standard deviation 2.6 days (B) Strongly skewed to the right with mean 5.5 days and standard deviation 0.26 day (C) Strongly skewed to the right with mean 5.5 days and standard deviation 0.026 day (D) Approximately normal with mean 5.5 days and standard deviation 2.6 days (E) Approximately normal with mean 5.5 days and standard deviation 0.26 day

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -10- 6. A local television news station includes a viewer surv ey question about a current issue at the beginning of every evening news broadcast. Viewers are invited to use social media to respond to the question. The results of the survey are shared with the audience at the end of each broadcast. In relation to the opinions of the population of the region, which of the following is a possible reason why the results of such surveys could be biased? I. Viewers with strong opinions about the current issue are more likely to respond than are viewers without strong o pinions. II. The opinions of viewers of one television station are not necessarily representative of the population of a region. III. Viewers with access to social media are not nece ssarily representative of the population of a region. (A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) II and III only (E) I, II, and III 7. A graduate student conducted a study of field mice in rural Kansas. The student obtained a sample of 100 field mice and recorded the weight, in grams, of each mouse. After the measurements were taken, it was discovered that the scale was not calibrated correctly. The student adjusted the 100 recorded measurements by subtracting 3 grams from each measurement. Which of the following sta tistics for the weight, in grams, of the field mice has the same value before and after the adjustment? (A) The median (B) The mean (C) The first quartile (D) The third quartile (E) The interquartile range

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -11- 8. A statistician proposed a new met hod for constructing a 90 percent confidence interval to estimate the median of assessed home values for homes in a large commun ity. To test the method, the statistician will conduct a simulation by selecting 10,000 random samples of th e same size from the population. For each sample, a confidence interval will be constructed using the new method. If the confidence level associated with the new method is actually 90 percent, which of the following w ill be captured by approximately 9,000 of the confidence intervals constructed from the simulation? (A) The sample mean (B) The sample median (C) The sample standard deviation (D) The population mean (E) The population median 9. The distribution of monthly rent for one-bedroom apartments in a city is approxi mately normal with mean $936 and standard deviation $61. A gra duate student is looking for a one-bedroom apartment and wants to pay no more than $800 in monthly rent. Of the following, whic h is the best estimate of the percent of one-bedroom apartments in the city with a monthly rent of at most $800 ? (A) 1.3% (B) 2.5% (C) 50% (D) 95% (E) 97.5%

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -12- 10. A news article reported that college students who have part-time jobs work an average of 15 hours per week. The staff of a college newspaper thought that the average mi ght be different from 15 hours per week for their college. Data were collected on the number of hours worked per week for a random sample of students at the college who have part-time jobs. The data were used to test the hypotheses 0H: 1 m= 5 aH: mπ15 , where m is the mean number of hours worked per week for all students at the college with part-time jobs. The results of the test are shown in the table below. Sample Mean Std Error df t-stat p-value 13.755 0.707 25 1.761 - 0.090 Assuming all conditions for inference were met, which of the following represents a 95 percent confidence interval for m? (A) 13.755 0.244 ± (B) 13.755 0.286 ± (C) 13.755 0.707 ± (D) 13.755 1.245 ± (E) 13.755 1.456±

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -13- 11. A team of psychologists studied the effect of multita sking on the completion of cognitive tasks. A group of 40 women participated in the study. Each woman owned a smartphone equipped with the same type of keyboard. The women typed a text passage on the phone twice, one time while sitting in a quiet room (a single task) and the other time while walking (a multitask). The order of the single task and the multitask was randomly determined for each woman. The psycho logists recorded the time it took each woman to type the text for both tasks. If the conditions of inference are met, which of the following tests is most appropriate to analyze the data? (A) A two-sample t-test for a difference between means (B) A matched-pairs t-test for a mean difference (C) A one-sample z-test for a proportion (D) A two-sample z-test for a difference between proportions (E) A chi-square test of independence 12. The random variable X is normally distributed with mean 5 and standard deviation 25. The random variable Y is defined by =+ Y 24 X. What are the mean and the standard deviation of Y ? (A) The mean is 20 and the standard deviation is 102. (B) The mean is 20 and t he standard deviation is 50. (C) The mean is 22 and the standard deviation is 102. (D) The mean is 22 and the standard deviation is 100. (E) The mean is 22 and the standard deviation is 50.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -14- 13. In northwest Pennsylvania, a zool ogist recorded the ages, in months, of 55 bears and whether each bear was male or female. The data are shown in the back-to-back stemplot below. Female Male 415 14 2 0 13 12 11 10 49 28 17 0 1 0 6 6 8 3 2 5 3 5 6 5 4 2 1 4 6 8 8 5 4 3 2 3 2 4 7 8 9 7 6 2 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 6 7 7 9 1 5 7 8 70 represents 70 months Based on the stemplot, which of the following statements is true? (A) The median age and the range of ages are both greater for female be ars than for male bears. (B) The median age and the range of ages are both less for female bears than for male bears. (C) The median age is the same for female bears and male bears, and the range of ages is the same for female bears and male bears. (D) The median age is less for female b ears than for male bears, and the range of ages is greater for female bears than for male bears. (E) The median age is greater for female bears than for ma le bears, and the range of ages is less for female bears than for male bears.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -15- 14. A produce supplier ships boxes of produce to individual customers. The distribution of weights of shipped boxes is approximately normal with mean 36 pounds and standard deviation 4 pou nds. Which expression represents the weight, in pounds, at the 75th percentile of the distribution? (A) () 1.96 4 36 -+ (B) () 0.25 4 36 -+ (C) () 0.25 4 36 + (D) () 0.67 4 36 + (E) () 0.75 4 36 +

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -16- 15. A polling agency conducted a survey by selecting 100 random samples, each consisting of 1,200 United States citizens. The citizens in each samp le were asked whether they were optimistic about the economy. For each sample, the polling agency created a 95 percent confiden ce interval for the proportion of all United States citizens who were optimistic about the economy. Which of the following statem ents is the best interpretation of the 95 percent confidence level? (A) With 100 confidence intervals, we can be 95% conf ident that the sample proporti on of citizens of the United States who are optimistic about the economy is correct. (B) We would expect about 95 of the 100 confidence inte rvals to contain the proportion of all citizens of the United States who are optimistic about the economy. (C) We would expect about 5 of the 100 confidence intervals to not contain the sample proportion of citizens of the United States who are optimistic about the economy. (D) Of the 100 confidence intervals, 95 of the intervals will be identical because they were constructed from samples of the same size of 1,200. (E) The probability is 0.95 that 100 confidence interv als will yield the same information about the sample proportion of citizens of the United States who are optimistic about the economy.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -17- 16. As part of a national sleep study, a random sample of adults was selected and surveyed about their physical activity and the number of hours they sleep each night. Of the 183 adults who exercised regularly (exercisers), 59 percent reported sleeping at least seven hours at night . Of the 88 adults who did not exercise regularly (nonexercisers), 52 percent reported sleeping at least se ven hours at night. Which of the following is the most appropriate standard error for a confidence interval for th e difference in proportions of adults who sleep at least seven hours at night among exer cisers and nonexercisers? (A) ()() ()() 0.59 0.41 0.52 0.48 183 88 + (B) ()()()()0.59 0.41 0.52 0.48 183 88+ + (C) ()() 11 0.57 0.43 183 88+() (D) ()() ()11 0.5 0.5 183 88+ (E) ()() ( ) 11 0.5 0.5 183 88+ +

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -18- 17. A representative of a car manufacturer in the Unite d States made the following claim in a news report. Ten years ago, only 53 percent of Americans owned American-made cars, but that figure is signi ficantly higher today. A research group conducted a study to investigate whethe r the claim was true. The group found that 56 percent of a randomly selected sample of car owners in the United States owned American -made cars. A test of the appropriate hypotheses resulted in a p-value of 0.283. Assuming the conditions fo r inference were met, is there sufficient evidence to conclude, at the significance level of 0.05 a = , that the proportion of all car owners in the United States who own American-made cars has increased from what it was ten years ago? (A) Yes, because 0.56 0.53. > (B)Yes, because a reasonable interval for the proportio n is 0.56 0.283.± (C) Yes, because 0.56 0.53 0.03 -= and 0.03 0.05. < (D) No, because 0.283 0.53. < (E) No, because 0.283 0.05. >

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -19- 18. Researchers wanted to investigate whether babies have a sense of right and wrong. They showed each of 60 babies a puppet show in which a red puppet was trying to open a h eavy box lid. A second puppet, called the helper, would try to help the red puppet open the box, while a third puppet, called the hinderer, would try to slam the box lid down. After watching the show, each baby was presented with a tray containing the helper puppet and the hinderer puppet, and the researchers recorded which puppet the baby reached for. The researchers wanted to determine whether the babies would reach for the helper puppet more than for the hinderer puppet. As part of the show, a green puppe t and a yellow puppet served as the helper and hinderer. For each baby, a coin was tossed to determine which colo r would serve which role. Which of the following is the most important reason for the random assignment of color to role in the study? (A) Slamming the lid might cause wear on the hinderer p uppet after 60 shows. The random assignment of color to role permits more even wear be tween the helper and the hinderer. (B) The puppeteer might grow tired of doing the same show with the same puppet colors. The random assignment of color to role keeps th e show fresh for each performance. (C) If the same role is played by the same color puppet, the babies might show a preference for the color instead of a preference for the role. (D) The random assignment of color to role allows the researchers to determine if one color is better than another in teaching babies right from wrong. (E) Boys and girls might prefer different colors. The random assignment of color to role ensures that the show is equally accessible to boys and girls.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -20- 19. Nutritionists examined the sodium content of different brands of potato chips. Each brand was classified as either healthy or regular based on how the chips were marketed to the public. The sodium contents, in milligrams (mg) per serving, of the chip s are summarized in the boxplots below. Based on the boxplots, which statement gives a correct comparison between the two classifications of the sodium content of the chips? (A) The number of brands classified as healthy is greater than the number of brands classified as regular. (B) The interquartile range (IQR) of the brands classifi ed as healthy is greater than the IQR of the brands classified as regular. (C) The range of the brands classified as healthy is le ss than the range of the brands classified as regular. (D) The median of the brands classified as healthy is mo re than twice the median of the brands classified as regular. (E) The brand with the least sodium content and the bran d with the greatest sodium content are both classified as healthy.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -21- 20. A factory has two machines, A and B, making the same part for refrigerators. The number of defective parts produced by each machine during the first hour of opera tion was recorded on 19 randomly selected days. The scatterplot below shows the number of defective pa rts produced by each machine on the selected days. Which statement gives the best comparison between th e number of defective parts produced by the machines during the first hour of operation on the 19 days? (A) Machine A always produced the same num ber of defec tive parts as machine B. (B) Machine A always produced fewer defective parts than machine B. (C) Machine A always produced more defective parts than machine B. (D) Machine A usually, but not always, produced fewer defective parts than machine B. (E) Machine A usually, but not always, produced more defective parts than machine B.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NE XT PAGE. -22- Item 21 was not scored.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -23- 22. The faces of a four-sided fair die are numbered 1 through 4, respectively. For a certain game, the die is tossed and the numb er that lands facedown is recorded. The tabl e below summarizes the points a player earns for the number that lands facedown. Number landing facedown1234 Points 0102 Consider two independent tosses of the die. Let the random variable S represent the sum of the points earned from the two tosses. Which table represents the probability distribution of S ? (A) S 012 Probability 0.50.25 0.25 (B) S 024 Probability 0.50.25 0.25 (C) S 024 Probability 0.250.50.25 (D) S 01234 Probability 0.250.250.3125 0.1250.0625 (E) S 01234 Probability 0.06250.250.375 0.250.0625

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -24- 23. A botanist collected one leaf at random from each of 10 randomly selected mature maple tr ees of the same species. The mean and the standard deviation of the surface areas for the 10 leaves in the sample were co mputed. Assume the distribution of surface areas of maple leav es is normal. What is the appropriate method fo r constructing a one-sample confidence interval to estimate the population mean surface area of the species of maple leaves, and why is t h e method appropriate? (A) The t-interval is appropriate, because the popul ation standard devia tion is not known. (B) The t-interval is appropriate, because the t -interval is narrower than the z -interval. (C) The z-interval is appropriate, because the z -interval is narrower than the t -interval. (D) The z-interval is appropriate, because the central limit theorem applies. (E) The z-interval is appropriate, because the sample standard deviation is known.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -25- 24. A state educational agency was concerned that the salaries of public school teachers in one region of the st ate, region A, were higher than the salaries in another region of the state, region B. The agency took two independ ent random samp les of salaries of public school teachers, one from region A and one from region B. The data are summarized i n the table below. Region A Region B Mean salary $62,583 $60,117 Standard deviation $6,274 $9,319 Number of salaries 117 78 Assuming all conditions for inference are met, do the data provide convincing statistical evidence that the salaries of public school teachers in region A are, on aver age, greater than the salaries of public school teachers in region B? (A) Yes, there is evidence at the significance level of 0.001 a = . (B) Yes, there is evidence at the significance level of 0.01 a = but not at 0.001 a = . (C) Yes, there is evidence at the significance level of 0.05 a = but not at 0.01 a = . (D) Yes, there is evidence at the significance level of 0.10 a = but not at 0.05 a = . (E) No, there is no evidence at the significance level of 0.10 a = .

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -26- 25. A florist wanted to investigate whether a new powder adde d to the water of cut flowers helps to keep the flowers fresh longer than just water alone. For a shipment of roses that was delivered to the store, the florist flipped a coin before placing each rose in its own individual cont ainer with water. If the coin landed heads up, the rose was placed in water with the new powder; otherwise, the rose was placed in water alone. Which of the following is the best description of the method used by the florist? (A) A census, because all roses are assigned to a container (B) An experiment with a completely randomized design (C) An experiment with a blocked design, with blocking by type of water (D) An experiment with a matched-pairs design (E) An observational study

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -27- 26. A commercial for a breakfast cereal is shown during a certain television program. The manufacturer of the cereal wants to estimate the percent of television viewers w ho watch the program. The manufacturer wants the estimate to have a margin of error of at most 0.02 at a leve l of 95 percent confidence. Of the following, which is the smallest sample size that will satisfy the manufacturer’s requirements? (A) 40 (B) 50 (C) 100 (D) 1,700 (E) 2,50 0 27. A contestant’s final winnin gs on a game show are determined by a random selection of a base amount and a possible multiplier. For the base amount, the contestant randomly selects one of four cards, where two cards are marked $1,000, one card is marked $2,000, and on e card is marked $5,000. After choosing the card, the contestant randomly selects one of five chips, where three chips are red and two chips are white. If the selected chip is red, the contestant’s final winnings are twice the value of the base amount. If the selected chip is white, the contestant’s final winnings are the value of the base amount. What is the probability that a contestant’s final winnings are exactly $2,000 ? (A) 0.100 (B) 0.200 (C) 0.250 (D) 0.32 5 (E) 0.400

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -28- 28. Meteorologists are interested in the relationship between minimum pressure and maximu m wind speed of hurricanes. The minimum pressure, in millibars, and maximum wind speed, in knots, were collected for a random samp le of 100 hurricanes from the year 1995 to th e year 2012. A regres (1.42, 1.2-- 0) sion analysis of maximum wind speed on minimum pressure produced a 95 percent confidence interval of for the slope of the least-squares regression line. Which statement is a correct interpretation of t he inte rval? (A) The probability is 0.95 that wind speed will decr ease, on average, between 1.20 knots and 1.42 knots for each millibar increase in minimum pressure. (B) The probability is 0.95 that a different sample of 100 hurricanes will result in an increase, on average, of wind speed between 1.20 knots and 1.42 knots for each millibar increase in minimum pressure. (C) We can be 95% confident that wind speed decreas es, on average, between 1.20 knots and 1.42 knots for each millibar increase in minimum pressure. (D) We can be 95% confident that wind speed increas es, on average, between 1.20 knots and 1.42 knots for each millibar increase in minimum pressure. (E) We can be 95% confident that, for any sample of hurricanes, the wind speed will decrease, on average, between 1.20 knots and 1.42 knots for each millibar increase in minimum pressure.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -29- 29. Some contact lens wearers report problems with dryne ss in their eyes. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a new eye-drop solution to relieve dryn ess for contact lens wearers. Twenty-five volunteers who wore contact lenses agreed to use the new solution for one month. At the end of the month, 36 percent of th e volunteers reported that th e new solution was effective in relieving dryness. The company that produced th e new eye-drop solu tion concluded that using the new solution is more effective in relieving dryness than using no soluti on. Which of the following best explains w hy the study does not suppor t such a conclusion? (A) The sample size was too small. (B) The study had no control group. (C) The participants were volunteers. (D) The participants self-reported the frequenc y with which they used th e new solution. (E) The participants self-reported the effectiv eness of the new solution.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -30- 30. The management team of a company with 10,000 employees is considering installing charging stations for electric cars in the company parking lots. In a random sample of 500 employees, 15 reported owning an electric car. Which of the following is a 99 percent confidence interval for the proportion of all employees at the company who own an electric car? (A) ()()0.03 0.97 0.03 2.326 500 ± (B) (0.15)(0.85) 0.15 2.326 500 ± (C) (0.03)(0.97) 0.03 2.576 500 ± (D) (0.15)(0.85) 0.15 2.576 500 ± (E) (0.03)(0.97) (0.03)(0.97) 0.03 2.576 500 10, 000 ±+

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -31- 31. A test of the hypotheses 0H: 0 m = versus aH: 0 m> was conducted using a sample of size 7. The test statistic was 1.935 t= . Which of the following is closest to the p-value of the test? (A) 0.0125 (B) 0.0265 (C) 0.0471 (D) 0.0506 (E) 0.1012

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -32- 32. As part of a community service program, students in th ree middle school grades (grade 6, grade 7, grade 8) each chose to participate in one of three school-sponsored vol unteer activities. The graph below shows the distribution for each class for the three activities. Based on the graph, which statement must be true? (A) Of all the students who chose activity B, the greatest number of stu dents were in grade 6. (B) Grade 7 and grade 8 had the same number of students who did not choose activity A. (C) The grade with the greatest percentage of students who chose activity C was grade 8. (D) For students in grade 7, the number who chose activity C was greater than the number who chose activity B. (E) For students in grade 8, the number who chose activity A was greater than the number who chose activity B.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -33- 33. At a large airport, data were recorded for one month on how many baggage items were unloaded from each flight upon arrival as well as the time required to deliv er all the baggage items on the flight to the baggage claim area. A scatterplot of the two variables indicat ed a strong, positive linear association between the variables. Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the word “strong” in the description of the association? (A) A least-squares model predicts that the more baggage items that are unloaded f rom a flight, the greater the time required to deliver the items to the baggage claim area. (B) The actual time required to deliver all the items to the baggage claim area based on the number of items unloaded will be very close to the tim e predicted by a least-squares model. (C) The time required to deliver an item to the baggage claim area is relatively constant, regardless of the number of baggage items unloaded from a flight. (D) The variability in the time required to deliver all items to the baggage claim area is about the same for all flights, regardless of the number of items unloaded from a flight. (E) The time required to unload baggage items from a flight is related to the time required to deliver the items to the baggage claim area.

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -34- 34. A group of men and women were surveyed to inves tigate the association between gender and the number of friends the person has on a social media Web site. Results are shown in the table below. Number of Friends 0 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 150 151 to 200 201 or more Men 1782 735642 Women 4573988775 Which of the following procedures is the most appropr iate for investigating whether an association exists between gender and the number of friends a person has on a social media Web site? (A) A matched-pairs t-test for a mean difference (B) A two-sample t-test for the difference between means (C) A t-test for the slope of the regression line (D) A chi-square goodness-of-fit test (E) A chi-square test of independence

Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. -35- 35. Carly commutes to work, and her commute time is depe ndent on the weather. When the weather is good, the distribution of her commute times is approximately no rmal with mean 20 minutes and standard deviation 2 minutes. When the weather is not good, the distributi on of her commute times is approximately normal with mean 30 minutes and standard deviation 4 minutes. Suppose the probability that the weather will be good tomorrow is 0.9. Which of the following is closest to the probability that Carly’s commute time tomorrow will be greater than 25 minutes? (A) 0.0056 (B) 0.0894 (C) 0.0950 (D) 0.8055 (E) 0.9006

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